As an example, look at a person riding a bicycle, with the person acting like the motor. If see your face tries to ride that bike up a steep hill in a gear that is created for low rpm, she or he will struggle as
they attempt to maintain their balance and achieve an rpm that will permit them to climb the hill. However, if they change the bike’s gears into a rate that will produce a higher rpm, the rider will have
a much easier time of it. A constant force could be applied with clean rotation being offered. The same logic applies for industrial applications that want lower speeds while keeping necessary
torque.
• Inertia matching. Today’s servo motors are producing more torque in accordance with frame size. That’s due to dense copper windings, lightweight materials, and high-energy magnets.
This creates greater inertial mismatches between servo motors and the loads they want to move. Using a gearhead to better match the inertia of the 
electric motor to the inertia of the load allows for using a smaller electric motor and results in a far more responsive system that’s simpler to tune. Again, this is accomplished through the gearhead’s ratio, where the reflected inertia of the load to the electric motor is decreased by 1/ratio2.
Recall that inertia may be the measure of an object’s level of resistance to change in its motion and its function of the object’s mass and shape. The greater an object’s inertia, the more torque is needed to accelerate or decelerate the thing. This means that when the strain inertia is much larger than the electric motor inertia, sometimes it can cause excessive overshoot or boost settling times. Both conditions can decrease production range throughput.
However, when the electric motor inertia is bigger than the strain inertia, the motor will require more power than is otherwise essential for this application. This improves costs because it requires paying more for a electric motor that’s bigger than necessary, and because the increased power intake requires higher working costs. The solution is to use a gearhead to complement the inertia of the engine to the inertia of the strain.
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